differential geometry - Gauge theory for mathematicians?

I'm looking for a textbook or set of lecture notes on gauge theory for mathematicians that assumes only minimal background in physics. I'd prefer a text that uses more sophisticated mathematical concepts like principal bundles and connections, and categorical language whenever convenient.

Answer

I have been writing something in this direction in section 1 of the book Differential cohomology in a Cohesive topos (pdf). Have a look, just focus on section 1 and ignore the remaining sections on first reading.

The survey-part is presently also appearing as a series on PhysicsForums. See at Higher prequantum geometry I, II, III, IV, V and Examples of Prequantum Field Theories I -- Gauge fields, II -- Higher gauge fields.