quantum field theory - To construct an action from a given two-point function

This is really a basic question whose answer I guess may have to do with the way we construct Feynman rules and diagrams. The question is: Suppose I have been given a two-point function (found in some other ways, say for example some gauge/gravity duality or some symmetry in the theory). How can we construct the Lagrangian of that theory from there?

Is there a general rule for that? Can you give me a reference?