Inspired by Polyomino Z pentomino and rectangle packing into rectangle
Also in this series: Tiling rectangles with F pentomino plus rectangles
Tiling rectangles with N pentomino plus rectangles
Tiling rectangles with T pentomino plus rectangles
Tiling rectangles with V pentomino plus rectangles
Tiling rectangles with W pentomino plus rectangles
Tiling rectangles with X pentomino plus rectangles
The goal is to tile rectangles as small as possible with the U pentomino. Of course this is impossible, so we allow the addition of copies of a rectangle. For each rectangle a×b, find the smallest area larger rectangle that copies of a×b plus at least one U-pentomino will tile. Example shown, with the 1×1, you can tile a 2×3 as follows:
Now we don't need to consider 1×1 any longer as we have found the smallest rectangle tilable with copies of U plus copies of 1×1.
There are at least 6 more solutions. I tagged it 'computer-puzzle' but you can certainly work some of these out by hand. The larger ones might be a bit challenging.
Answer
Here is a way to tile a
6x13 = 78
rectangle with U pentominoes and 1x4 rectangles, which is an improvement over @athin's 9x10 solution:
As a bonus, here are two suboptimal solutions, one of which is asymmetric:
link to two 11x8 = 88 solutions
For 1x5:
12x20 = 240
for 1x6:
14x24 = 336
and for 3x4:
19x40 = 760
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