I have read/heard this term a few times in nuclear physics papers. I'm guessing it has something to do with the Coloumb barrier of a nucleus. Could you maybe explain what this "penetrability factor" is?
[See page 63 of this paper]
Answer
The penetrability factor is a carefully defined factor that separates the coulomb-force and the interesting nuclear-forces in the relationship between the partial decay width and the reduced width (for R-Matrix analysis) of a particular resonance.
Γ=2γ2P(l,ρ,η)
Here Γ is the partial decay width, γ is the reduced width, l is the orbital angular momentum of the state, ρ is defined as k (wavenumber) multiplied by r the target particle radius, η is the sommerfeld [nuclear] parameter, and P(l,η,ρ) is the penetrability factor. The penetrability factor is defined as,
P(l,ρ,η)=ρ(Fl(η,ρ))2+(Gl(η,ρ))2
where F and G are the regular and irregular coulomb wave functions, respectively.
Source: http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/The_R-matrix_theory_in_nuclear_and_atomic_physics (equation 10 and 13)
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