Friday, 29 May 2020

conventions - Is the adjoint representation of SU(2) the same as the triplet representation?


Is the triplet representation of SU(2) the same as its adjoint representation? Where the convention for the adjoint representation used is the one used in particle physics, where the structure constants are real and antisymmetric:


ad(tbG)ac=ifabc


I was under the impression that is was, but I see two different forms of the generators in the triplet representations used, one being just the real skew symmetric generators of the SO(3) rotation group, which agrees with the adjoint representation, and the other being:


T1=12(010101010)T2=12(0i0i0i0i0)T3=(100000001)


These two representations do not agree, I assume that my idea about the adjoint reperesentation of SU(2) being its triplet representation is wrong, but why?



Answer




It is just matter of a missed factor i2 due to different conventions. The antiHermitian matrices i2Tk can be transformed into the real antisymmetric matrices Lk (which therefore are also complex antiHermitian) by means of a suitable unitary matrix U, Lk=Ui2TkUk=1,2,3.

This is because both triples of matrices are irreducible representations of the Lie algebra of SU(2) with the same value of the Casimir operator k(2Tk)2=k(Lk)2=2I (so that 2=j(j+1) with j=1 which is the spin of the representation). As is known, up to unitary equivalences there is only one unitary irreducible representation of SU(2) for every value of the spin, essentially due to Peter-Weyl theorem.


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