Tuesday, 17 January 2017

thermodynamics - Why is the the differential of Helmoltz free energy dT dependent?


My question is simple : we use Hemloltz free energy "A" to study equilibrium of system under transformation at T and N constants.


We have A=E-T.S, but dA=dE-TdS-SdT


Why is the differential dT dependent as we construct this function to study equilibrium for system where the temperature is imposed ?



[edit] : More detailed question :


In fact what I understood is that for any system where the external work is only done by pressure forces we have :


dU+PdVTdS<0 (it comes from first principle and using the fact that dS=δQT+δSc with δSc>0).


And we define a thermodynamic potential Φ as dΦ=dU+PdVTdS. The equilibrium will then be done if dΦ=0


It is not possible to define a general Φ, but if we work in (T,V,N) (dT=dV=dN=0), we have : dΦ=dU+PdVTdS=d(UTS), so Φ=A=UTS.


Then to construct F we assumed dT=0, so why do we consider after that dT is not equal to 0 ? I don't get the logic.




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