Tuesday, 14 March 2017

general relativity - Metric of a manifold foliated by maximally symmetric submanifold


I am reading the last chapter (Schwarzchild solution and Black Holes) of Sean Caroll's GR notes (http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9712019).


While talking about spherical symmetry, he says how the Frobenius Theorem can be used to foliate a manifold with spherical symmetry with spheres at each point. This allows us to break down the coordinates of an n dimensional manifold into ui for the submanifold, and vI to tell us which submanifold we are on. (If the submanifold being considered in m dimensional, i runs from 1 to m, and I from 1 to n-m) .


I have trouble understanding the claim after this construction i.e.



If the submanifold is maximally symmetric, then it is possible to chose the u co-ordinates such that the metric for the manifold is




ds2=gIJ(v)dvIdvJ+f(v)γijduiduj


Intuitively how can I see the following:




  1. Why is maximally symmetric a condition? What goes wrong if it is not maximally symmetric?




  2. I understand why f(v) should be just a function of v, because if I keep my vI constant, and traverse on the submanifold associated to that point, the metric should be invariant.





But I don't really understand why gIJ should be only a function of v, we are not remaining on the same submanifold while changing v.



  1. Why are there no cross terms dvIduj? Caroll says it is by 'making sure' vI are orthogonal to tangent vectors of the submanifold. Can you elaborate on this? Why is this always possible?


I am not looking for detailed mathematical arguments, hand-waving would suffice. But ofcourse, it would be more than wonderful, if both are provided.




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