I am trying to model a mass being driven by a motor (Angular acceleration ˙ω and shaft-polar modulus J) with belts and pulleys. This is then being compared to numerical simulations. I find a 20-30% difference in results.
The system is so:
Here, τ is the torque provided by the motor whose shaft has moment of inertia J. Torque may be calculated as τ=J˙ω where the pulley (or sheave) has a diameter of b and hence a radius of b/2. The mass being driven is m. The effect of gravity and any slack in the belt is neglected. A viscous force acts with a coefficient of ν (N/m/s).
The belt is actually 3 x ropes. However, this is not showing up in my force balance and I am asking what went wrong.
The horizontal direction is the x direction and the corresponding displacement, velocity (v) and acceleration (a) of the mass are x,˙x,¨x respectively.
Force balance, where tension in single rope is given by T:
F=ma 3T−νv=ma 3τb/2=m¨x+ν˙x
∵ the angular acceleration may be given as \dot{\omega} = a/(b/2) = \ddot{x}/(b/2):
3\frac{\tau}{b/2} = 3 \frac{J \dot{\omega}}{b/2} = 3 \frac{J \ddot{x}}{b^2/4}
\therefore m \ddot{x} + \nu \dot{x} = 3 \frac{J \ddot{x}}{b^2/4}
or
\frac{m}{3}\ddot{x} + \frac{\nu}{3} \dot{x} = \frac{4 J\ddot{x}}{b^2}
\left[\frac{m}{3} - \frac{4 J}{b^2}\right] \ddot{x} + \frac{\nu}{3} \dot{x} = 0
The initial conditions for this differential equation are for position and velocity:
x(0) = 0, \dot{x}(0) = \omega b/2
For the following physical parameters: m=2000kg, \nu=1000N/m/s, \omega = 2 rev per sec, b=0.1m, J=1kg/sq.m, I use Mathematica to solve the 2nd order ODE and plot the position wrt time.
Simulations run by a proprietary software however, returns the following response:
I can have my model get about 1-2% close to the proprietary model, through the following ODE
\frac{1}{3}\left[m - \frac{4 J}{b^2}\right] \ddot{x} + \nu \dot{x} = 0
This ODE is different from what I derived from a force balance. What gives? What went wrong?
For those interested, Mathematica code to solve my model:
Clear[m, Ir, b, \[Nu], s, t, \[Omega]];
m = 2000.;(*mass in kg*)
Ir = 1.;(*moment of inertia of shaft in kg-m^2*)
b = 100*10^-3 (*sheave diameter in meter*);
\[Nu] = 1000.;(*Viscous drag in N/m/s*)
\[Omega] =
N[120/60];(*Rev per second of shaft in 1/s*)
\!\(TraditionalForm\`sVal = DSolveValue[{\((m/3 -
\*FractionBox[\(4\ Ir\), \(\(b\)\(\ \)\(b\)\(\ \)\)])\)\ \(\*
SuperscriptBox["s", "\[Prime]\[Prime]",
MultilineFunction->None](t)\) + \[Nu]/3\ \(\*
SuperscriptBox["s", "\[Prime]",
MultilineFunction->None](t)\) == 0, s(0) == 0, \*
SuperscriptBox["s", "\[Prime]",
MultilineFunction->None](0) ==
\*FractionBox[\(b\ \[Omega]\), \(2\)]}, s(t), t]\) // Expand
(*
sVal=DSolveValue[{(1/3)(m-(4 Ir)/(b b )) s^\[Prime]\[Prime](t)+\
\[Nu] s^\[Prime](t)\[LongEqual]0,s(0)\[LongEqual]0,s^\[Prime](0)\
\[LongEqual](b \[Omega])/2},s(t),t]//Expand *)
Plot[sVal, {t, 0, 20}, PlotRange -> {{0, 20}, {0, 0.25}},
ImageSize -> Medium, PlotStyle -> {Thick, Black},
BaseStyle -> {FontSize -> 15}, Frame -> True,
FrameLabel -> {"Time,t", "Position, x(t)"}, GridLines -> All]
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