Consider a theory in D spatial dimensions involving one or more scalar fields ϕa, with a Lagrangian density of the form L=12Gab(ϕ)∂μϕa∂μϕb−V(ϕ)
where the eigenvalues of G are all positive definite for any value of ϕ, and V=0 at its minima. Any finite energy static solution of the field equations is a stationary point of the potential energy E=IK+IV,
where IK[ϕ]=12∫dDxGab(ϕ)∂jϕa∂jϕb
and IV=∫dDxV(ϕ)
are both positive. Since the solution is a stationary point among all configurations, it must, a fortiori, also be a stationary point among any subset of these configurations to which it belongs. Therefore, given a solution ϕ(x), consider the one-parameter family of configurations, fλ(x)=ˉϕ(λx)
that are obtained from the solution by rescaling lengths. The potential energy of these configurations is given by Eλ=IK(fλ)+IV(fλ)=λ2−DIK[ˉϕ]+λ−DIV[ˉϕ]
λ=1 must be a stationary point of E(λ), which implies that 0=(D−2)IK[ˉϕ]+DIV[ˉϕ]
My problem is, how they got the equation(2) from (1)?
Answer
I didn't go through all of your equations. However, if you take (1), differentiate it w.r.t λ and set λ=1, then since λ=1 is the stationary point E′(λ)|λ=1=0. This is equation (2)
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