Tuesday, 27 June 2017

wavefunction - Physical intepretation of nodes in quantum mechanics


I am taking my second course in QM, and my head is starting to spin as it probably should. But I would very much like to clear up my head about a few details regarding the wave function. As I know it is impossible to predict where particles are and one can only give a probability of where it should be.


The simplest case is a "frictionless" particle "bouncing" back and forth inside a infinite square well. Eg a particle in the following potential


$$ V(x) = \left( \begin{array}{cc} 0 \ , & \text{for} \ 0 \leq x \leq a \\ \infty \ , & \text{elsewhere} \end{array} \right) $$ Which gives rise to the following normalized solution $$ \psi_n(x) = \sqrt{\frac{2}{a}} \sin\left( \frac{\pi n}{a}x \right) $$ My problem is what the nodes in the square function represents. If I draw $|\Psi_2(x,0)|^2=|\psi_2(x)|^2$ I obtain a graph similar to the one below.


enter image description here


What is the physical explenation that finding the particle around a small region around $a/2$ is close to zero? Or why is it so much less likely to find it near $a/2$ than $a/4$? Eg why is $$ P(a/2 -\varepsilon \leq X \leq a/2+\varepsilon) = \int_{a/2-\varepsilon}^{a/2+\varepsilon} \left| \psi_2(x) \right|^2 \,\mathrm{d}x \sim 0 $$ for small $\varepsilon$




No comments:

Post a Comment

Understanding Stagnation point in pitot fluid

What is stagnation point in fluid mechanics. At the open end of the pitot tube the velocity of the fluid becomes zero.But that should result...