Tuesday, 11 September 2018

optics - Which frequencies of IR and UV light best penetrate the atmosphere with least interference?


We are exploring concept of setting up transceivers on lighter than air airships and balloons about 100,000 feet up in the stratosphere. They will be used for transmitting and receiving information similar to what satellites now do. We don't want to use radio frequencies since they are regulated by the FCC.


The other option is to use lasers for the physical layer. Which frequencies of UV (ultraviolet) and IR (infrared) would be the best to use for this purpose? The ideal frequency would encounter the least distortion in the stratosphere and troposphere



Answer



There is what's known as an IR window in the earths atmosphere. This occurs at wavelengths of 8-14 microns. There are other smaller regions as well. Best to do an internet search on atmospheric IR windows to get the other smaller regions. The 8-14 micron window transmit up to about 85%. The following chart, taken from Wikipedia’s Infrared Window page shows transmittance vs. wavelength. Atmosphere transmittance vs wavelength (Public domain/US Navy)


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