Wednesday 21 September 2016

higgs - Supersymmetry vs multiverse


I'm a complete noobe in physics and quite honestly need help. My question is simple, based on CERN's tentative findings stating the Higgs boson at a mass of ~125 GeV: Is the physics community leaning more towards supersymmetry or multiverse?



Answer



Yes, physics has learned things on both concepts, but only gradually.


The value of the mass 125 GeV is in the sub-130-GeV region that favors supersymmetry, or makes it necessary according to some, because the pure Standard Model predicts a catastrophically unstable vacuum for such low Higgs masses. It is also below 135 GeV which is where it should be according to the general version of the minimal supersymmetric standard model.


On the other hand, 125 GeV is higher than what the simplest models of supersymmetry – at least according to most supersymmetry phenomenologists – want to see. A value closer to 115 if not 100 GeV could be favored if one wanted to make SUSY models "really simple", at least according to the sociologically prevailing ideas about the simplicity.



The idea about the multiverse has strengthened because the Higgs is known to be both light and the only new physical phenomenon found at the LHC so far. This seems to imply that Nature doesn't care about our notion of "naturalness" – the lightness of the Higgs boson relatively to some very high energy scales such as the Planck scale is "unnatural".


The multiverse is the only concrete enough yet acceptable enough framework to "predict" unnaturally small values of parameters such as the Higgs mass, so the physicists' subjective probability (belief) that "the multiverse is needed" has increased.


None of these results are really conclusive or qualitative. There are lots of loopholes and conceivable alternatives. But among the propositions that are on the market, we may usually identify the marginal winners and losers. Ideas about low-lying, easily found supersymmetry were marginal losers; the general idea of SUSY and its impact on the Higgs mass has been a marginal winner; the concept of naturalness has lost something, and the multiverse has gained a little.


As Anna said, SUSY and the multiverse are not really mutually exclusive although the "generic" multiverse explanations indeed favor no SUSY or supersymmetry invisible at realistic colliders.


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