Friday, 1 June 2018

optics - Are coherent states of light 'classical' or 'quantum'?


Coherent states of light, defined as


$$|\alpha\rangle=e^{-\frac{|\alpha|^2}{2}}\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{\alpha^n}{\sqrt{n!}}|n\rangle $$


for a given complex number $\alpha$ and where $|n\rangle$ is a Fock state with $n$ photons, are usually referred to as the most classical states of light. On the other hand, many quantum protocols with no classical analog such as quantum key distribution and quantum computing can be implemented with coherent states.


In what sense or in what regime should we think of coherent states as being 'classical' or 'quantum'?




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