Friday, 23 August 2019

rotational kinematics - Proof of constant angular velocity in rigid body motion


I'm studying rigid body motion on Landau but I'm having troubles to understand this proof of the fact that the angular velocity $\vec{\Omega}$ is constant for a rigid body.


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My doubt is about the two last equations in the last two lines of the text. If I use the two I get



$\vec{V'}=\vec{V}+(\vec{\Omega}-\vec{\Omega'})\times \vec{r'} +\vec{\Omega} \times\vec{a}$


How are (31.3) derived from this?



Answer



You have


$$ \boldsymbol{v} = \boldsymbol{V'} + \boldsymbol{\Omega'} \times \boldsymbol{r'} $$


and


$$ \boldsymbol{v} = \boldsymbol{V} + \boldsymbol{\Omega} \times (\boldsymbol{r'}+\boldsymbol{a}) $$


You collect the $\boldsymbol{r'}$ terms


$$ \boldsymbol{v} = \boldsymbol{V'} + \boldsymbol{\Omega'} \times \boldsymbol{r'} = \left( \boldsymbol{V}+ \boldsymbol{\Omega} \times \boldsymbol{a} \right) + \left( \boldsymbol{\Omega} \times \boldsymbol{r'} \right) $$


which is solved uniquely when



$$ \begin{align} \boldsymbol{\Omega'} & = \boldsymbol{\Omega} \\ \boldsymbol{V'} &= \boldsymbol{V}+ \boldsymbol{\Omega} \times \boldsymbol{a} \end{align} $$


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