The title may be a bit misleading. They may not be points (small areas) at all in this case, but extended regions. Mathematically speaking:
Consider the origin for measurements at O. Let R(t) = {ri;i∈[1,n]} denote the time varying set of radius vectors of the n bodies, and let M = {mi;i∈[1,n]} denote their masses. Is it theoretically possible to determine the set of Lagrange points (or regions) L(t)=Lk such that a satellite placed at one of these Lk is fixed w.r.t. some subset of three bodies among the n bodies? I can attempt a brute force programming computation for simulation purposes, but a mathematical approach is appreciated. Even proving the existence of such points will be considered a great help. I honestly have no idea how to proceed with a generalised n-body system.
Answer
1) Regarding determination. No certitude, but I have the feeling that if one could theoretically determine the set of Lagrange points for n bodies, one wouldn't be very far of determining the n bodies trajectories, which we know to be impossible in the general case.
2) Regarding existence. for fixed t, the potential Ω(r) issued from gravity + centrifugal force reads Ω(r)=−n∑i=1Gmi|r−ri|−12|r|2ω2
To prove existence, it is enough to prove that Ω has a maximum somewhere. Take an arbitrary point ra different from the ri's, and let Ωa=Ω(ra). Let K={r; Ω(r)≥Ωa−1}.
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