Sunday, 28 June 2020

classical mechanics - Derivation of the time-derivative in a rotating frame of refrence


I have so trouble following Goldsteins derivation of the time derivative in the rotating refrence frame, and its use to derive the coriolis force (sec. 4.9-10) Given an intertial frame of refrence, S, and a rotating one, S, contected through the transformation


xi=aij(t)xj,xi=aij(t)xj=aji(t)xj,


we can get the time derivative in the rotating refrence-frame by use of the chain rule,


ddtxi=aijdxjdt+daijdtxj.


Assuming aij(0)=δij, w can rewrite the equation as


ddtxi=dxidt+daijdtxj.


daij is an infinitesimal rotation, and can be writen as (Goldstein in sec. 4.8)


dA=[0dΩ3dΩ2dΩ30dΩ1dΩ2dΩ10]=ωωdt,


so that daij=ϵikjωkdt. This finally gives us



ddtxi=dxidt+ϵikjωkxj=(ddtaji+ϵikjωk)xj,


or as Goldstein writes it,


(ddt)space=(ddt)body+ω×.


He then quickly uses this operator form to get


ddtrr=vv=(ddtrr)body+ωω×rr=vv+ωω×rr,


(notice the switch between unprimed and primed rr) and then


ddtvv=(ddtvv)body+ωω×vv=(ddt(vv+ωω×rr))body+ωω×(vv+ωω×rr)=aa+2ωω×vv+ωω×(ωω×rr).


I have tried to derive this using the indecies, but to no avail. If anyone is able to this, it would be greatly apriciated. I am espeacially having trouble with the term


(ddt(vv+ωω×rr))body.


I also find Goldsteins switch between the primed and unprimed system dubious, so any clarafications on this would also help.





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