(tap=faucet) When I turn a tap on full and then put my thumb over the spout covering, say, 90% of it, then the water spurts out. If I turn it on to, say 10%, then the water dribbles out.
What's the essential difference between the way that my thumb covers most of the hole and the way the tap valve opens that makes the water come out at a different pressure in either case?
Answer
It's the shape of the tap - in fact the very reason for their being a tap rather than just a valve on the end of the pipe.
When you open the valve slightly the water does come out at high speed, hits the inside of the tap spout and is stopped - it then runs out of the tap at slow speed instead of spraying you.
Imagine if you put your finger over the end of the tap to create a spray but then collected that spray in another pipe and looked at the water coming out of the other end of the pipe - it would be a slow trickle, just like the tap.
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