Wednesday, 21 January 2015

quantum field theory - Why can we simply absorb the positive coefficient of iepsilon in a propagator?


As far as I know, absorbing of the positive coefficient of iϵ in a propagator seems to be a trivial operation without even the need of justification.


In Peskin page 286, he did this: k0k0(1+iϵ)

(k2m2)(k2m2+iϵ)


In M. Srednicki's Quantum Field Theory, page 51,



The factor in large parentheses is equal to E2ω2+i(E2+ω2)ϵ, and we can absorb the positive coefficient in to ϵ to get E2ω2+iϵ.




Why and does this kind of manipulation affect the final result of calculation?
Although 1k2m2+iϵk21k2m2+iϵ is infinitesimal, but the integration of such terms may lead to divergences, and this is my worry.


Also the presence of k0 in the coefficient of iϵ could potentially influence the poles of an integrand and consequently influence the validity of Wick Rotation.



Answer



The size of the parameter ϵ does not matter, as long as it is infinitesimally small. Rescaling it by that function does not change this. Recall that the whole procedure is just a mathematical trick which allows us to perform a contour integral over the real axis of the complex plane. The shift is really arbitrary, as long as it is small. The precise size is should not affect any results we gain from it.


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