Sunday, 18 January 2015

quantum mechanics - Fetter & Walecka's derivation of second quantised potential term in many-particle TDSE


For the potential term in the Hamiltonian, I understand that we go through the same process as with the kinetic energy term. On the RHS of the TDSE, we get something like 12ijiklkij|V|klC(Ei1EkEi+1Ej1ElEj+1;t).


Reordering the argument list of C() on the RHS incurs a phase factor of (1)P, where P depends on the order of i,j,k,l.


Some examples: if their order of ascent is ...


kilj: P=nk+1++ni1+nl+1++nj1


klij: P=nk+1++ni1+nl+1++nj1


likj: P=ni+1++nk1+nl+1++nj1+1 [the extra +1 comes from the fact that i and j are positioned with opposite 'polarity' to k and l, therefore the Ek,El have to be swapped past each other to get into the correct positions]


As above, by my reckoning, P(klij)=P(kilj), however if we calculate (1)P by operating on |{nm} like aiajalak|{nm}, I get (1)Sk+Sl1+Sj2+Si2|nk1nl1nj+1ni+1=(1)Sk+Sl+Sj+Si1|nk1nl1nj+1ni+1


if the order is klij but


(1)Sk+Sl1+Sj2+Si1|nk1nl1nj+1ni+1=(1)Sk+Sl+Sj+Si|nk1nl1nj+1ni+1



if the order is kilj. The order of i and l seems to matter when I calculate the phase factor by successive application of the a,a but not when I calculate it by reordering the arguments of the C() coefficients. Where am I going wrong?



Answer



Worked out where I've been going wrong. Referring to the content of my question, in the klij case, i.e. $k

P(klij)=nk+1++ni1++nl+1++nj11=SiSknk+SjSlnl1


and so the phase factor, (1)P(klij)=(1)Si+Sknk+Sj+Slnl1, which, with the δnk0δnl0 on the RHS, gives (1)Si+Sk+Sj+Sl1. This is the same phase factor you get when you operate on the state like aiajalak|{nm} as I mentioned in the original question.


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